Hip and Femur Fractures
Hip fractures are among the most common acute MSK calls. Garden classification drives femoral neck management; intertrochanteric fractures use the AO/Evans system. RadCall covers subtle femoral neck fracture recognition on radiograph, MRI indications, and when to call the orthopedic team urgently.
- Garden classification — femoral neck fracture, I–IV
- Subcapital vs transcervical vs basicervical
- Intertrochanteric fracture — stable vs unstable
- Subtrochanteric fracture — reporting and implant planning
- Subtle femoral neck fracture — trabecular disruption, CT
- MRI hip — occult fracture, bone marrow edema
- Periprosthetic fracture — Vancouver classification
- Femoral shaft fracture — associated injuries, fat embolism
Knee and Tibial Fractures
The Schatzker classification guides tibial plateau management. RadCall covers depression measurement, associated ligament and meniscal injury patterns, and the Ottawa Knee Rules for imaging decision-making.
- Schatzker classification — tibial plateau, I–VI
- Depression depth — articular step-off measurement
- Lipohemarthrosis — fat-fluid level, joint effusion
- Segond fracture — ACL-associated lateral capsule avulsion
- Reverse Segond — PCL-associated medial capsule
- Patella fracture — transverse vs comminuted
- Ottawa Knee Rules — imaging indications
- Distal femur fracture — AO classification, articular
Cervical Spine Injury
C-spine clearance is a critical on-call task. RadCall covers NEXUS and Canadian C-Spine Rule for imaging decisions, CT vs MRI indications, and classification of specific injury patterns including Jefferson, hangman, odontoid, and flexion-teardrop fractures.
- NEXUS criteria — low-risk clinical clearance
- Canadian C-Spine Rule — imaging decision tree
- Jefferson fracture — C1 burst, ADI measurement
- Hangman's fracture — C2 bilateral pars
- Odontoid fracture — Type I, II, III
- Flexion-teardrop — most unstable, cord injury risk
- SCIWORA — spinal cord injury without radiologic abnormality
- CT vs MRI — ligamentous injury, cord signal assessment
Shoulder and Upper Extremity
- Shoulder dislocation — anterior vs posterior
- Hill-Sachs defect — posterolateral humeral head
- Bankart lesion — anterior glenoid rim avulsion
- Clavicle fracture — location, displacement
- AC joint separation — Rockwood classification
- Distal radius fracture — Colles, Smith, Barton
- Scaphoid fracture — occult, MRI indications, AVN risk
- Elbow fracture — radial head, CRITOE, fat pad